Mushrooms

When identifying mushrooms in the wild, clear observation and documentation are crucial. Start by recording the location and habitat of your find, noting the exact date, time, and geographic details, such as city, county, and whether it was growing in soil, on wood, or another surface. Pay attention to nearby trees and plants, as well as the mushroom's growth pattern--whether it's growing alone, in clusters, or a fairy ring. This environmental context can offer vital clues for narrowing down species. Next, examine the mushroom's physical features in detail. Describe the cap's shape, size, color, texture, and edge, and observe the underside--looking for gills, pores, or spines. Note how gills attach to the stem, which itself should be described in terms of shape, size, color, and any unique features like a ring or volva. Don't forget to check for bruising, unusual smells, or latex excretion. A spore print and high-quality photos from multiple angles will round out your field notes.